Steve: I appreciate your efforts here to show the differences. You obviously have an extensive mouthpiece collection, and having similar models side-by-side tends to show that someone may determine chamber size by merely looking at pieces side-by-side. The one piece you showed had what looked to me to be a very radical baffle. None of mine look like that, although one Runyon Jaguar has a distinct baffle with a trough cut into it.
That one Couf Jazz is an extreme (like the Keilwerth jazz), but they are more common on metal mpcs such as Dukoffs, some Vandorens, et all. but the tip baffle, being a step baffle, short or long rollover baffle, or no baffle at all - all have an effect on the tonal qualties of the mpc. Just play a 1970s Selmer Soloist Style (no baffle - and can be considered muddy & dark) to an earlier Soloist with a roll over baffle.
My problem is that without having several Meyer alto pieces side-by-side to make a comparison, it would be extremely difficult to call one a "large chamber" and the others "medium" or "small" chambers, except that Meyers stamps those designations on their pieces.
I have two Meyer alto pieces on my desk now as I type this. One is marked "Small Chamber" and the other is marked "Medium Chamber". In addition, I went through my alto pieces (maybe 10 or so, including one that looks like an old Buescher vintage mouthpiece) and frankly, they all looked about the same to me.
Look up the shank of the mpc with a light source on the window area (where the reed goes). This should show you the visual difference between a small, medium and large throat/chamber mpc. You can also stick your pinky finger in it (ok, mine are small and fits) and in large/ex large chambers they are normally cut out deeper.
Oh, the opening into the barrel/shank/whatever (where the neck is inserted) varied in diameter and shape, but the actual internal volume was close enough that I'd be hard-pressed to declare any to have a certain chamber size.
Specifically, my two Meyer pieces look the same.
barrel/shank can always vary by manufacturer and probably even between models !! and if they have a worn out drill even in the same model. There's usually a minute difference when you measure them. But alot of that volume is irrelevant because it gets put on the neck. it's hard to measure the volume of similar sax mpcs because it goes on a cork-neck. Whereas on clarinets, it's much easier to measure because the mpc goes into a barrel vs on.
The example of the Jazz (with the step baffle) and on Jazz model showed just that - the volume in the upper end of the mpc. the step baffle easily taking up a lot of space, thus needing to be pulled out more on the neck.
As far as looking at the physical characteristics of a mouthpiece and being able to tell that it is a player, I'm not convinced. The tip-opening alone should be an unknown until the piece is played. So what if the piece has a "rollover" baffle and a square chamber opening and whatever-size chamber if the tip is so closed I can't play it?
I am still not convinced that players (as a rule) really know their mouthpieces' chamber sizes. I fear they are parroting what some master-degree marketing whiz put in the text of all those ads in the WW&BW catalog.
we can measure the tip opening, and tell you if you would like it. If you like wide open mpcs and say a 2 reed .. might not work well on a really closed mpc tip. But you may have seen the generalized charts that state what hardness reed to use on a particular tip opening. You dont' use a 1 on a super small tip opening, same as you don't use a 5 reed on a 10* Link
The tip opening really allows for how much airflow and thus flexibility you can get from the mpc. as you increase flexibility it also requires more control by the player.
(generally speaking)
throats may center and focus the airflow and tone. can also cause some intonation issues.
length of lay/facing may allow the reed to respond quicker. shorter facings allow for quicker articulations.
siderails,tip rail thickness affects response too
tip rail & shape of roof affects tonal qualities
etc
that's assuming everything is finished properly - if the siderails are uneven or other problems, then it's probably not a good player no matter what.
If you sat in front of a mpc refacer / maker told him/her what you currently play, what you like and don't lke, play a bit for them, then tell them what you are after, they should be able to select a few mpcs from their collections for you to try that are approx what you are looking for.
I do this quite often for clarinet mpcs and am usually on the mark.
Just like many claim their horn is a "large-bore" or "small-bore", etc. I have yet to read that anyone actually measured their horns and determined the bore-size or internal volume in comparison to another horn. By the way, I've done that with several horns, but not in exact detail. DAVE
Don't forget to ask them the width of their toneholes ........